Lock Picking - Need to know for Pentest+ exam
Lock picking is the practice of unlocking a lock by manipulating its components without using the original key. It’s commonly used in physical security assessments, locksmithing, and penetration testing. Here’s a detailed breakdown of the main methods of lock picking, especially for pin tumbler locks (the most common type):
1. Single Pin Picking (SPP)
Description: The most precise and controlled method.
Involves lifting each pin individually to the shear line using a hook pick while applying tension to the lock.
Pros:
• High success rate with practice.
• Works on high-security locks.
Cons:
• Time-consuming.
• Requires skill and patience.
2. Raking
Description: A faster, less precise method.
Uses a rake tool to scrub across the pins while applying tension, hoping to set multiple pins quickly.
Pros:
• Quick and effective on low-security locks.
• Great for beginners.
Cons:
• Less effective on high-security or well-made locks.
• Not always reliable.
3. Bumping
Description: Uses a specially cut bump key that fits the lock.
A light tap on the key causes the pins to jump, briefly aligning at the shear line.
Pros:
• Fast and easy.
• Works on many standard pin tumbler locks.
Cons:
• Requires a bump key for each lock type.
• Noisy and can damage the lock.
4. Impressioning
Description: Involves inserting a blank key and manipulating it to create marks from the pins.
These marks guide the cutting of a working key.
Pros:
• Creates a usable key.
• Useful for covert entry.
Cons:
• Time-consuming.
• Requires skill and specialized tools.
5. Decoding
Description: Used on combination locks or locks with visible mechanisms.
Involves reading or measuring the lock’s internal configuration to determine the correct combination or key cuts.
Pros:
• Non-destructive.
• Useful for padlocks and safes.
Cons:
• Limited to specific lock types.
• Requires specialized knowledge.
6. Bypassing
Description: Avoids the lock mechanism entirely.
Uses tools to directly manipulate the latch, cam, or locking mechanism.
Pros:
• Fast and effective.
• Works on poorly designed locks.
Cons:
• Doesn’t work on all locks.
• May require access to the lock’s internals.
7. Using a Plug Spinner
Description: Used after picking a lock in the wrong direction.
Spins the plug quickly to the correct direction without resetting the pins.
Pros:
• Saves time if the lock was picked backward.
Cons:
• Only useful in specific situations.
